ABSTRACT
Background: Premenstrual syndrome [PMS] is one of the disorders associated with onset of menstruation causing physical, psychological and behavioral symptoms
Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of premenstrual syndrome among female population of Rahim Yar Khan
Methodology: Study Design: Cross sectional study. Study subjects: Females of reproductive age from 16 to 40 years. Place and duration of study: Research was conducted from 16[th] to 29[th] March 2015 that was carried out in OPD and Gynecology ward of Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Performa was designed and pretested. Before commencing with the data collection, informed verbal consent was taken from all the 300 study subjects. The performa contained information on age, marital status, occupation, educational level of subjects and signs/symptoms of premenstrual syndrome among females. The data was entered on SPSS version 16 and results of various variables were presented as percentage and mean +/- standard deviation
Results: Study subjects has mean age of 22 +/- 4.9 years. Age distribution of subjects was 16-20 years [47%], 21-25 years [38.3%], 26-30 years [7%], 31-35 years [4.3%] and 36-40 years [4.3%]. In this study, 5.7% were illiterate, 3% primary, 3% middle, 7% secondary and 81% were highly educated. In this study, 74% were students, 14% housewives, 10% has government job and 2.3% has private job. In this study, 74.7% were unmarried. Out of 300 females 251 [83.7%] were found to have PMS. Frequency of PMS symptoms in study subjects were anxiety [57.7%], depression [57.7%], mood swing [71.7%], irritability [73.3%], pain [86.7%], fatigue [79.7%], discomfort [83.7%], abdominal cramps [47.7%], breast tenderness [25%], bloating [27.7%] and acne [32.3%]. The frequency of most common risk factor was low cheese/butter intake [87.7%], high tea/coffee intake [74.7%], high salty / junk food intake [66.3%], Low yogurt intake [61%], daily exercise [48%], low milk intake [39%], low egg intake [35.5%], low vegetable intake [13.7%], sedentary life style [33.3%], stressed state [30.3%], and eating spicy/cold food [7.3%]
Conclusion: Premenstrual syndrome was high in study subjects and high in young females. Majority of the women having PMS were unmarried, students and education level above bachelors and has low cheese/ butter intake, high tea/coffee and junk food intake